What can you do if your circuit repair diagnosis indicates an open circuit within an integrated circuit (IC)? Your IC got too hot and internal wiring has come loose. You could replace the IC, sure.

[Ken Shirriff] has seen the insides of more integrated circuits than most people have seen bellybuttons. (This is an exaggeration.) But the point is, where we see a crazy jumble of circuitry, [Ken] ...

The function of the 555 timer is mainly determined by two comparators. The output voltage of the them controls the state of the RS flip-flop and the discharge tube. It also contains 3 working states.

As the scale of integrated circuits (ICs) continues to shrink, the lack of practical methods for imaging their complex internal structure has hampered feedback for quality control and product ...

The classic circuit breaker—a resettable overcurrent cutoff device—has been with us since the 1920s and is well-known for its reliable, consistent performance and a simple schematic symbol (Fig. 1).

Testing for failure with a multimeter is only partially effective, whereas a dedicated optocoupler testing circuit provides clear results in just seconds. For related tutorials and step-by-step build ...